Mueller hinton agar is recommended for the disk diffusion method of antibiotic susceptibility testing. The wellknown solid media for the antibiotic sensitivity test a. Evaluation ofmuellerhinton agar disk diffusion susceptibility. While it may be used for the general cultivation of bacteria, for consistency, cationadjusted mueller.
Jane hinton 19192003 was one of the first two africanamerican women to gain the degree of doctor of veterinary medicine 1949. Aproblemthat has not beendescribed previously is the actual preparation and pouring of muellerhinton agar plates. Mueller hinton agar and mueller hinton ii agar are manufactured to contain low levels of thymine and thymidine8,9 and. Their findings indicated commercially manufactured mueller hinton agar plates were suitable for use in routine susceptibility testing. Mueller hinton ii agar for antimicrobial disc diffusion susceptibility testing of common, rapidly growing. Because clinical microbiology laboratories in the early 1960s were using a wide variety of procedures for determining the.
Muellerhinton agar is the best medium for routine antibiotic susceptibility testing ast because it shows acceptable batchtobatch reproducibility for susceptibility testing, supports. Muellerhinton agar is the most commonly used media for zoi testing of nonfastidious organisms and was recommended by bauer, kirby, et al. Mueller hinton ii agar is manufactured to contain low levels of thymine and thymidine and controlled levels of calcium and magnesium ions. Recommended for determination of susceptibility of microorganisms to antimicrobial agents isolated from clinical samples. The predictive values of disks with susceptible, intermediate, and resistant results on the gmmh. Shop online for a wide selection of bd bbl prepared plated media. Preparation dehydrated medium suspend 38 g of the powder in 1 liter of distilled or deionized water. Muellerhinton agar was codeveloped by microbiologist john howard mueller and veterinary scientist jane hinton at harvard university as a culture for gonococcus and meningococcus, who published the method in 1941. Pdf the shelf life of muellerhinton agar supplemented with 2% glucose and methylene blue 0. Muellerhinton agar an overview sciencedirect topics. Mueller hinton agar has become the standard medium for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and its performance is in accordance to clinical and laboratory standard institute clsi, formerly nccls and complies with requirements of the who, fda and eucast. A subsequent international collaborative study confirmed the value of mueller hinton agar for this purpose because of the relatively good reproducibility of the medium, the simplicity of its formula, and the wealth of experimental data that had been accumulated, using this medium. Mueller hinton agar w5% sheep blood in recommended for antimicrobial disc diffusion susceptibility testing of. Antimicrobial susceptibility test discs impregnated with known amount of antibiotics are placed on the agar surface.
Mueller hinton agar is recommended for antimicrobial disc. Mueller hinton agar is now used as a test medium for antimicrobial susceptibility testing 2. Mueller hinton agar with 5% sheep blood is recommended for antimicrobial disc diffusion susceptibility testing of strep tococcus pneumoniae with selected. It is also useful for the isolation of neisseria and is an excellent base medium for the preparation of blood agars. Mueller hinton agar was selected as the test medium. Why muellerhinton agar is used in routine antibiotic. Mueller hinton agar mha composition, principle, uses and preparation. Antibiotic susceptibility test was developed by john howard mueller and jane hinton in 1941 and named as mueller hinton agar. Mueller hinton agar is a solid medium originally designed for the isolation of pathogenic neisseria species, now widely used for antibiotic susceptibility testing including sulfonamides. Mueller hinton agar is recommended for the diffusion of antimicrobial agents impregnated on paper disc through an agar gel as described in clsi approved standard 3. Mueller hinton agar intended use mueller hinton agar is recognized by all experts as being the reference medium for the study of the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics and sulfamides.
Fluconazole disk diffusion test with methylene blue and. Only 2 of 12 lots were acceptable for disk diffusion susceptibility tests. Prior to her veterinary medicine studies at the university of pennsylvania, she had been a laboratory technician at harvard, codeveloping the muellerhinton agar, a culture medium that is now commonly used to test bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. Mueller hinton agar has been selected by the clsi for several reasons. Mueller and hinton selected pea meal extract agar as a simple transparent medium containing heat stable ingredients. Summary and explanation mueller hinton agar was developed in 1941 for the cultivation of pathogenic neisseria spp. Remel mueller hinton is a solid medium recommended for use in qualitative procedures in antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disk diffusion method. Mueller hinton agar was originally developed for the cultivation of pathogenic neisseria.
Bd mueller hinton ii agar bd mueller hinton ii agar 150 mm. Mueller hinton agar was developed in 1941 for cultivation of pathogenic neisseria spp. The pathogenic organism is grown on muellerhinton agar in the presence of various antimicrobial impregnated filter paper disks. Mueller hinton broth, not cationadjusted, has a formula similar to that of the solid medium, but without agar, for use when the fluid medium is preferred. For antimicrobial susceptibility testing of microorganisms by agar diffusion methods. Pdf stability of muellerhinton agar supplemented with glucose. Mueller hinton agars mueller hinton agar mueller hinton. This mueller hinton agar mha was a proteinfree medium for isolating the pathogenic strains of neisseria. Principle acid hydrolysate of casein and beef extract supply amino acids, nitrogen, minerals, vitamins, carbon and other nutrients which support.
Muellerhinton agar wikimili, the free encyclopedia. Mueller hinton agar i is used for antimicrobial sensitivity testing by the disc diffusion method and is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions in humans. Mueller hinton agar is part of a large selection of dehydrated media. Bd mueller hinton ii agar bd mueller hinton ii agar 150 mm bd. Mueller hinton agar is based on the formula recommended by mueller and hinton2 for the primary isolation of neisseria species. Pdf use of muellerhinton broth and agar in the germ. Bd mueller hinton fastidious agar mhf is used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of fastidious organisms as standardized by the european committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing eucast. Mueller hinton agar mha composition, principle, uses and. Nowadays, it is more commonly used for the routine susceptibility testing of nonfastidious microorganism by the kirbybauer disk diffusion technique. Pdf in search of the truth about the quality of mueller hinton agar. Evaluation of muellerhinton agar for disk diffusion. Suspend mueller hinton agar 38 grams litre in deionised water. Twelve lots of commercially prepared muellerhinton agar from four medium manufacturers were evaluated for performance with recommended quality control organisms, medium ph, agar depth and uniformity, and characteristics of the zones of inhibition. Remel mueller hinton agar w and wo 5% sheep blood are solid media recommended for use in qualitative procedures in the standardized antimicrobial disk diffusion susceptibility test by the kirbybauer method.
A medium for antimicrobial sensitivity testing by the disc diffusion method. Identification product name mueller hinton agar cat no. Cool add defibrinated horse blood 50 millilitres litre and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 20 milligrams litre, mix. Mueller and hinton developed mueller hinton agar mha in 1941 for the isolation of pathogenic neisseria species. Mueller hinton agar mha composition, principle, uses. Muellerhinton agar mha is the best medium to use for routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing using kirbybauer disc diffusion method for nonfastidious bacteria both aerobe and facultative anaerobe.
It is now used as a test medium for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Kirbybauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol american. R01620, r01624, r04050, r4052, r09592 synonyms no information available recommended use laboratory chemicals. Mueller hinton agar is a microbiological growth medium that is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing using kirbybauer disc diffusion method.